In part 1, we established that our transportation infrastructure is in poor shape and desperately needs funds and we determined what criteria would be used to measure the success of any new funding scheme.
Now we'll look at proposals that have been put forth as well as invent a few of our own. Here is the first proposal:
However, is it fair that EV drivers don't have to pay for roads at all? You could (and many EV drivers do) argue that EVs more that make up for this by not polluting the air or requiring the military to guard the Strait of Hormuz. But, your local DOT is only worried about fixing potholes and making sure the local bridges don't collapse. The externalities related to gasoline use are very important, but let's put them aside right now and focus only on transportation infrastructure funding.
Road fund taxes/fees should:
1) Have some correlation to road wear
2) Not be excessively regressive
3) Provide adequate funds for transportation maintenance needs
4) Be simple to pay
5) Allow for collection without invasion of personal privacy
6) Allow for out-of-state travel without paying in-state road fees
7) Tax drivers from out-of-state when they are using Oregon roads
To assess each tax or fee idea, we'll walk through each item on the list and score it from 0 to 100. Some of these might be more important to you than others feel free to compute your own scores and add or subtract criteria. Let's see how raising the gas tax scores:
1) Correlation to road wear - 30 points
Since heavier vehicles generally use more fuel and cause more road wear, there is some level of correlation. However, a gas tax increase does not cover alt-fuel vehicles. Electric cars, veggie oil, CNG, compressed air, or any other alt-fuel that can be dreamt up would sidestep a gas tax increase. These alt-fuel cars cause just as much wear as similar weight gas cars. The fact that some fuel types get a free ride here greatly reduces this solutions score in this area.
2) Not be excessively regressive - 0 points
A gas tax increase could be significantly regressive. Nearly all of us need to drive, whether it's for work, shopping, or errands. Increasing the gas tax would increase the tax burden more on the working poor.
3) Provide adequate funds for transportation maintenance needs - 100 points
Increasing the gas tax certainly could fund the roads. Any new tax should include automatic periodic inflation adjustment.
4) Be simple to report and pay - 100 points
Paying at the pump is simple; no forms, no bills, they even take credit cards.
5) Not invade personal privacy - 100 points
Paying at the pump does not ask you where you were or what road you were on. You can even pay in cash and it is completely anonymous.
6) Allow for out-of-state travel without paying in-state road fees - 100 points
When you drive to another state and you are buy gas somewhere else, you would not be paying Oregon road taxes.
7) Tax drivers from out-of-state when they are using Oregon roads - 90 points
When people in gas cars drive here from other states and fill up at a gas station in Oregon, they
Now we'll look at proposals that have been put forth as well as invent a few of our own. Here is the first proposal:
Raise The Gas Tax
One potential solution is to simply raise the gas tax. Gasoline is still our primary fuel source for cars on the road today and it will be for many years. In the last year, Virginia and Massachusetts raised several taxes to cover transportation costs, and a handful of states raised their gas taxes. This is the solution that Oregon Congressman Earl Blumenauer likes. In April of 2015 Rep. Blumenauer posted:"The people on the ground understand there is no viable alternative to fund America's infrastructure needs. A gas tax increase is the only solution that is dedicated, sustainable for the long term, and big enough to do the job. #FixTheTrustFund"Increasing the gas tax would decrease gasoline use thereby reducing all the political, military, and environmental problems associated using gasoline. Additionally, no new mechanism is needed to collect these funds. This would be able to fund our roads for at least the next 20 years.
However, is it fair that EV drivers don't have to pay for roads at all? You could (and many EV drivers do) argue that EVs more that make up for this by not polluting the air or requiring the military to guard the Strait of Hormuz. But, your local DOT is only worried about fixing potholes and making sure the local bridges don't collapse. The externalities related to gasoline use are very important, but let's put them aside right now and focus only on transportation infrastructure funding.
Scoring
Here's our criteria from part 1:Road fund taxes/fees should:
1) Have some correlation to road wear
2) Not be excessively regressive
3) Provide adequate funds for transportation maintenance needs
4) Be simple to pay
5) Allow for collection without invasion of personal privacy
6) Allow for out-of-state travel without paying in-state road fees
7) Tax drivers from out-of-state when they are using Oregon roads
To assess each tax or fee idea, we'll walk through each item on the list and score it from 0 to 100. Some of these might be more important to you than others feel free to compute your own scores and add or subtract criteria. Let's see how raising the gas tax scores:
1) Correlation to road wear - 30 points
Since heavier vehicles generally use more fuel and cause more road wear, there is some level of correlation. However, a gas tax increase does not cover alt-fuel vehicles. Electric cars, veggie oil, CNG, compressed air, or any other alt-fuel that can be dreamt up would sidestep a gas tax increase. These alt-fuel cars cause just as much wear as similar weight gas cars. The fact that some fuel types get a free ride here greatly reduces this solutions score in this area.
2) Not be excessively regressive - 0 points
A gas tax increase could be significantly regressive. Nearly all of us need to drive, whether it's for work, shopping, or errands. Increasing the gas tax would increase the tax burden more on the working poor.
3) Provide adequate funds for transportation maintenance needs - 100 points
Increasing the gas tax certainly could fund the roads. Any new tax should include automatic periodic inflation adjustment.
4) Be simple to report and pay - 100 points
Paying at the pump is simple; no forms, no bills, they even take credit cards.
5) Not invade personal privacy - 100 points
Paying at the pump does not ask you where you were or what road you were on. You can even pay in cash and it is completely anonymous.
6) Allow for out-of-state travel without paying in-state road fees - 100 points
When you drive to another state and you are buy gas somewhere else, you would not be paying Oregon road taxes.
7) Tax drivers from out-of-state when they are using Oregon roads - 90 points
When people in gas cars drive here from other states and fill up at a gas station in Oregon, they
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